Journal of Applied Life Sciences International

Backyard poultry farming is an important low-input livelihood activity in rural and tribal areas, with potential contributions to household income, food availability, and nutritional security. This study assessed the livelihood and nutritional implications of backyard poultry farming among tribal households in Kolli Hills, Namakkal district, Tamil Nadu, under extension-supported production conditions. Primary data were collected through a pre-tested structured interview schedule, supported by secondary information from Krishi Vigyan Kendra records and the Department of Animal Husbandry. The study included 60 respondents selected from six villages. Extension activities included training programmes, awareness campaigns, animal-health camps, group discussions, and exposure visits. Descriptive analysis showed that 45.00% of respondents were in the young age group and 45.00% owned 1.1–3 acres of land. Additional income from poultry farming was mainly allocated to farm expenses (81.66%), food quality (71.66%), farm implements (65.00%), and children’s education (63.33%), indicating that poultry-derived earnings were directed towards both livelihood and household welfare needs. The main reported constraints were high feed cost (85.00%), low egg production (81.66%), and mortality (68.33%). The study also documented improvements in poultry-related knowledge following extension activities. Overall, backyard poultry farming appears to provide supplementary livelihood support and contribute to household food-related needs when accompanied by technical guidance, animal-health services, and access to quality inputs. Continued extension support and stronger input and marketing linkages are important for sustaining benefits in the study area.