Amilioretive Effect of Aqueous Leaves Extract of Ziziphus mucronata in Ethanol Induced Gastric Ulcer Model Rats
A. Dandare *
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria
S. A. Zarewa
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria
K. Abdullahi
Department of Morbid Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria
S. Rabiu
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria
C. A. Onwughara
Department of Medicine, General Hospital, Murtala Kano, Nigeria
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Gastric ulcer is a serious problem affecting 10% of the global population. Ziziphus mucronata is a plant with many reported health promoting effects. The present study was designed to investigate the therapeutic effect of aqueous leaves extract on ethanol induced gastric ulcer model in rats.
Materials and Methods: The rats weighed 170 – 200 g were divided into four groups: Negative control, Positive control, Extract treated (250 mg/Kg), Omeprazole treated (20 mg/Kg). Standard methods were adopted in the analysis of all parameters.
Results: The results of this study revealed no significant differences (P>0.05) on both biochemical and haematological parameters in the extract treated group with exception of HGB which differ significantly (p<0.05) when compared to positive control. Ethanol administration resulted in decreased levels in serum antioxidant vitamins A, C and E. This effect has been relieved by the extract administration and omeprazole as well. Significant increased (P<0.05) of antioxidant enzyme (SOD) activity was observed in ethanol induced ulcer untreated groups. The results of haematological indices revealed that there is significant decreased (p<0.05) in RBC, HGB, and HCT and increased in WBC in ethanol induced ulcer untreated (p>0.05) compared to other groups. Histopathological evaluation showed transmural architecture of the stomach with clearly defined mucosa, sub-mucosa and muscularis propria in extract treated compared to positive control which is characterized by moderate-mild discontinuity in the mucosa.
Conclusion: The plant extract possess healing properties against stomach lesions, hence may be used in the management of gastric ulcer.
Keywords: Antioxidants, heamatological indices, mucosa, ulcer, Ziziphus mucronata